Patriot Act Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Patriot Act - Research Paper Example According to this act, US law enforcement agencies have the access to the privacy of USA citizens and/or foreigners without justifiable cause or public knowledge. However, with the special powers, the act violates the fourth amendment of the USA constitution in regard to the rights of privacy (Etzioni, 2004). The act has been hurriedly passed by the congress due to the panic emanating from the terrorist attack and subsequent anthrax attacks in 2001. The main aim of the enactment of the act was to strengthen security. Terrorist attacks have also led to the introduction of the Homeland Security Act. This act has been passed on the 25th of November, 2011. The act brought together several federal agencies to form the US Department of Homeland Security (Steffof, 2010). The agencies included were the US Secret Service, the US Coast Guard, the US Custom Service, the Naturalization and Immigration Service and the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The aim of this act was to assist in detec tion and elimination of terrorist threats by the removal of information barriers between the named government agencies. The act also provided for the centralizing of surveillance data, which arose from the enactment of the USA PATRIOT Act (Polseno, 2005). ... Title I of the PATRIOT Act seeks to enhance domestic security. This title specifies measures for domestic security services to enhance terrorism prevention. It established a fund to counter terrorist activities and also a further rise in funding for the FBI. The title also disapproves of the prejudice shown towards Muslim and Arab Americans after the terrorist attacks (Polseno, 2005). Title II of the Act aims at enhancing surveillance procedures. This deals with surveillance of those suspected in terrorism activities and those involved in computer fraud and abuse. This title allocates powers to government agencies to collect information about US citizens and non-citizens in regard to terrorism. The title stipulates the disclosure of counter intelligence or foreign intelligence to appropriate government officials (Etzioni, 2004). The third title of the act castigates against money-laundering in order to prevent terrorism. The act provides authority to the treasury secretary to regulat e financial transactions, especially those involving entities and foreigners (Polseno, 2005). The act aims at strengthening measures to prevent and detect international money-laundering and financing of terrorism. If detected, such cases are to be prosecuted in the United States through the PATRIOT Act. The act also requires all appropriate United States financial institutions to report about potential money-laundering schemes (Marcovitz, 2008). The act seeks to strengthen the financial system of the USA and thus to prevent it from being exploited by individuals for their personal gain. It also assists in transferring stolen assets to countries where they belong. The act allows for

E-Learning Sites Essay Example for Free

E-Learning Sites Essay E-learning has emerged as a revolutionizing concept in 21st century. It has given numerous opportunities to educational institutes and students in the form of flexibility, construction of knowledge and knowledge transfer using electronic media components. Contemporary services are more in need of e-learning facilities especially for educational institutes that aim at providing convenience and flexibility to students with better accessibility to course material/information content. E-learning websites have popularity due to its enormous benefits to individuals; however, raised several ethical and social issues that need to be addressed. E-Learning Sites Growth of internet and advancement in technology integration for supporting application processes has provided an opportunity to educational institutes to move towards e-learning educational facilities. E-learning sites provide user accessibility to course material from diverse places that increases the flexibility and information sharing capabilities of system. Majority of universities have developed e-learning management systems for its students that have multiple advantages both to university and students (Stair, 2008). These learning management systems involve the integration of technology and communication medium to enhance learning processes. Students have access to electronic features routing them to information sharing, customizability of information, presence of electronic contents and downloading features for supporting advance and better learning processes. Considering the advantages of e-learning sites several issues in dimensions of ethics, social, and professional principles arise that require evaluating the functionality and viability of e-learning sites. These issues place consideration on information system developers for proper analyzability and management to restrain the system effectiveness from potential risks associated with such issues. A number of social, ethical and professional issues have arisen concerning the development of e-learning sites for a university. These issues include the exercise of power, data quality, access to data and system, privacy and data protection, intellectual property rights of material available on website, plagiarism and copyright policy, prevention of fraudulent actions by users, equity for users, and impact of such information and communication system on the perception of individuals (Weert, 2003). E-learning Sites and Ethical Issues Electronic data is accessible to users irrespective of geographical boundaries. However, certain restrictions by regulatory authority may restrict the flow of traffic from specific IP locations. Development of e-learning sites although provided many benefits to individuals but also resulted in certain ethical implications for a professional. These ethical issues require proper management in order to maintain the practicability of system. It is essential for professional to analyze the component system of e-learning sites. Site should provide quality data to students based on their educational standard and need; such as availability of research papers and reference sections is being provided to university students. Data quality available on site must be proven for effective information and knowledge transfer ability to users that increase the understanding and enhance the knowledge level at better rate (Azari, 2003). Material available on e-learning websites is exposed to certain ethical challenges which include intellectual property rights; copy/pasting of text highlighting the principles of plagiarism, and use of owner’s content without his prior permission which directly affects the legal procedure for cyber theft crime (Azari, 2003). Such issues require maintaining the content material ownership rights and copyright policy in compliance with legal code of conduct. Students are given access to wider range of information and material content uploaded by teachers, and university management for students’ flexibility; such material content can be downloaded, easily transformed and integrated into other piece of content. This raises question on ethical responsibility of students for preserving the rights of material available on e-learning site and require considering it as theft, and cheating in case of plagiarised material (Weert, 2003). Cyber-technology provides accessibility to system development content which is exposed to serious threats for modification and alteration that reduces the effective functionality of such e-learning websites (Azari, 2003). Considering the role of e-learning sites in providing rich information benefit to students; viability issues raised on the ethical principles of information issue and subsequent loss risk for other student associated with such malpractices. E-learning Sites and Social Issues E-learning site development also encompasses certain social issues in relation to subjecting ethical obligations. System development professional must ensure that e-learning site for university does not result in discrimination at operative level. At some places, racial and cultural discrimination is observed by restricting the right of specific group to e-learning site (Adams McCrindle, 2008). This results in serious destructive behaviour by students affecting the reputation of university. Focus must be given to equity principles for users to e-learning site functions and materials irrespective of gender, racial or cultural differences. E-learning sites now offer advantages to student to share their views in blog’s section page on e-learning site. Such functionality components although are encouraging students to be productive in information and views sharing, but in some cases it create discrepancies among students behaviour which results in destructive behaviour action by students (Weert, 2003). It must be ensured that such blog section provides access to students only to filtered blog content. Perception of student is also influenced greatly by the information available on website and communication system that directly impact their behaviour and constructive attitude building. However, in consideration to that social issues strengthen concerning e-learning site; therefore, greater emphasis should be on formal aspects of education. Discriminatory behaviour must be restricted and equitable social practices must be adopted towards providing facility to students irrespective of their social class (Cross et al. , 2002). This would enhance the equity principle for learning and enhance the effectiveness of system. E-learning Sites and Professional Issues A number of professional issues are associated with e-learning sites development. First of all, security concern of sites must be addressed. Plagiarism, data theft, and unauthorized accessed to secure and restricted contents by users must be prevented through proper security system management (Bullen Janes, 2007). Professional issues enlarge concerning the prevention of fraudulent actions by users, and managing the access rights for specific group. Such as teachers panel must not be viewable to students, and students must have access to material only related their subjects. Customizability of features and privacy in relation to intellectual property rights advances the responsibility of professional towards addressing the ethical issues. E-learning sites encompass application system to foster easy access to information content for students. Professional must ensure that system procedure manual is easily conveyable to students and users while maintaining their privacy rights. Copyright policy must need to be formed to address the potential risk of plagiarism and copy/pasting of material irrespective of owner’s consent (Adams McCrindle, 2008). Related to this site security and content access must be proactive to potential harms and risks of modification by unidentified identity. Students are more oriented towards cracking the shortcut methods for doing their academic works especially assignments. Hence they prefer copying it from source that can not be detected from plagiarism detection software (Khan, 2005). Including to this, material available on e-learning sites can be changed and uploaded on other e-learning sites without consent of actual teacher especially presentation files. Professionals criticize this activity by claiming it as malpractices and direct theft on the intellectual property of teacher. Hence cyber crime act protect individuals (owners) from such activities and enforce legislations for preventing issues like unauthorized access to e-learning site material resources, protect intellectual property owner rights, and specifies code line for legal obligations on e-learning sites (Cross et al. , 2002). RECOMMENDATIONS Considering the issues specified in the above text following recommendation will enable managing the issues effectively. First of all, a specific user id and password must be assigned to all individuals on equality basis. To limit the unauthorized access student must be allowed to view only contents of courses in which he is registered. To protect the unauthorized use of owners’ material downloading option must be removed; only view feature for specific files will allow university to protect intellectual property rights and avoid plagiarism cases (Khan, 2005). Access to data can be secured through encryption of data content which will enable to access only limited feature and restrict the unwanted users to decrypt the high quality data content. In order to effectively manage the social issues associated with e-learning sites complete freedom must be given to students irrespective of their cultural/racial differences. E-learning site should encompass a protection feature to avoid fraudulent actions by users; document sharing feature by students must be refine and only approved featured responses/sharing documents by students must be allowed to visible on e-learning site for user flexibility (Adams McCrindle, 2008). CONCLUSION E-learning sites are attractive solutions for university to manage its need for information and learning material sharing with students. However, certain issues related to security, fraudulent actions, and malpractices by students such as plagiarism content reduce the effectiveness of such system. In order to effectively manage the ethical, professional and social issues for e-learning sites system developer must use contemporary techniques being used by other e-learning sites developers that not only maintains system security but also provides flexibility and customization feature to both students and faculty members while managing the issues related to intellectual property rights, plagiarism, and quality of data availability including accessibility based on equity rights. REFERENCES Adams, Andrew A. McCrindle, Rachel. (2008). Pandoras box: social and professional issues of the information age. Edition: 1. John Wiley and Sons Azari, Rasool. (2003). Current security management ethical issues of information technology. Edition: 1. Idea Group Inc. Bullen, Mark. Janes, Diane P. (2007). Making the transition to E-learning: strategies and issues. Edition: 1. Idea Group Inc. Cross, John A. et al. (2002). Implementing e-learning. Edition: 1. American Society for Training and Development Khan, Badrul Huda. (2005). Managing e-learning: design, delivery, implementation, and evaluation. Edition: 1. Idea Group Inc. Stair, Ralph M. (2008). Principles of Information Systems. Edition: 9. Cengage Learning Weert, Tom J. Munro, Robert K. (2003). Informatics and the digital society: social, ethical, and cognitive issues. Edition: 1. Springerlink

Comparing The Enthalpy Change Of Combustion Of Different Alcohols :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Comparing The Enthalpy Change Of Combustion Of Different Alcohols The aim of my experiment is to investigate the enthalpy of combustion of a range of alcohols. The standard enthalpy of combustion is the enthalpy change that occurs when 1 mole of a fuel is burned completely in oxygen under standard conditions – 1 atmosphere pressure and 298K. All combustion reactions are exothermic which is why I am expecting all the values for the enthalpy change of combustion to always be negative. Prediction ========== I predict that the greater the number of carbon atoms there are in the alcohol molecule, the greater the enthalpy change of combustion it will have. This is because in a chemical reaction energy is needed in order to break bonds and energy is released when bonds are made. If I were to look at these two values; the energy required to break the bonds of the reactants and the energy released when the bonds of the product are made then I am able to work out the enthalpy change of combustion of the alcohol. In order to do this we need to know the bong enthalpies of the bonds in the process. The quantity of energy needed to break a particular bond in a molecule is called the bond enthalpy. Below is a table containing the bond enthalpies of the bonds that occur in the combustion of an alcohol. Bonds We use the average bond enthalpies as the exact value of a bond enthalpy depends on the particular compound in which the bond is found. GRAPH DH1 By looking at the equation for the reaction that occurs when an alcohol burns, we realise that the reaction involves both breaking bonds and making new ones. From the equation of the process we can tell how many of the different number of bonds are broken and made and so work out the enthalpy change of combustion. We can work out the enthalpy of combustion of methanol by using the bond enthalpy values: CH3OH + 1.5O2 CO2 + 2H2O We can use the enthalpy cycle above to work out the value for the enthalpy change of combustion of methanol, represented by DH1. The calculation is done as shown below: DH2 = enthalpy change when bonds are broken = 3 Â ´ E(C-H) + 1 Â ´ E(C-O) + 1 Â ´ E(O-H) + 1.5 Â ´ E(O=O) = 3(413) + 358 + 464 + 1.5(498) = 2808 kJ mol-1 DH3 = enthalpy change when bonds are made

One Minute Manager Essay

The one minute manager is a short story which explains the three management procedures or techniques that a manager needs and can use to be the superlative manager that he can be. It begins with a man probing for an effective manager anywhere and everywhere throughout the world. He comes across many of these managers but they are either harsh or pleasant. These harsh managers have the company operational but their employees are not pleased. The nice managers have their employees happy but their company is gone astray. He notes that the managers attentiveness were in result and people. Virtuous manager’s interests are in the outcomes and the people. He, at the end of the day, heard about a spectacular manager who lived nearby in a town. He came in contact and they both set a date when they could meet and discuss certain things. He found it incongruously strange that he had any time available except Wednesday mornings. When they met, he asked him if he hold regular meetings with his subordinates. The manager replies that he does hold meetings every Wednesday morning. They discuss the problems they had, what needs to be accomplished, and develop plans and strategies for the upcoming week. Those decisions were made both by him and the people in the organization. The manager further explains that he does not like to participate in his subordinate’s decision making. The purpose of his organization is efficiency and getting results. He also explains that they are productive because they are organized. The manager believes that you can only get results through people. So, this explains it all; he is a result and people oriented manager. He is interested in both results and his people. They go â€Å"hand in hand† he says. He keeps his people feeling worthy about themselves because that is when they make progress and more comes out of it. â€Å"People who feel good about themselves produce good results.† This was written on a plaque on the manager’s desk. He believes that when people feel great about themselves, it is the fund amental of getting the most output. Efficiency is not only the quantity of work being done, but also the quality of it. Quality is giving the people the service they really want. Quantity is how much of that product you actually have.  The greatest way to receive both quality and quantity is through people. The man asks the manager to describe what kind of manager he thinks he is. He replies by saying â€Å"I am a One Minute Manager†. The manager then explains that it takes very little time for him to get immense results from people and he is sent to three people. The first person he meets with is Mr. Trenell. Through this visit with him, the man identifies the first secret of being a One Minute Manager. The first secret is One Minute Goal Setting. Mr. Trenell further explains that it is the foundation of a One Minute Manager. He explains that the One Minute Manager always ensures that you know what your responsibilities are and if the tables turn, what you are being held responsible for. This reduces confusion of what the managers think you should do and what you think you should be doing. Every one of his subordinates has to write down each goal on a separate paper no more than 250 words. He does this to make sure everybody is clear on what they should do and to occasionally check the progress. The One Minute Manager believes that 80% of the results come from 20% of the goals. The point of One minute Goal Setting is to avoid the surprises of not knowing what your work is to do and what is to be expected from the beginning. One Minute Goal Setting does not just help you to understand what your responsibilities are but also to make your performance standards clear. The manager shows the employees what he expects of them. Mr. Trenell further explains his experience on his first few days of working and how the manager got him to think the way he does and allow him to make his own decisions. One Minute Goal setting is basically just agreeing on your goals, writing down your goals with no more than 250 words, read and proof read your goals, look at your performance and see whether your behaviour counterparts your goals. The second secret of becoming a One Minute Manager is One Minute Praising. Mr. Levy, the second person he speaks to, explains to him what this secret is about. He said that it would be a lot easier for him to do well if he got crystal clear feedback from the manager on how he was doing. The manager wants him to succeed, help the organization, and to enjoy his work. He would, in no ambiguous terms, tell him when he was doing well and when he was doing poorly. Mr. Levy pointed out that the manager is always in close contact. He observes his subordinates works and activities very closely and he would make them keep a record of their progress that they should send to  him to look over. This was to make the manager see that he was doing something right and praise him for it. The manager also says that â€Å"to help people reach their full potential and to see them doing something right† is the motto for the One Minute Praising. Mr. Levy explained that other organizations spend most of their time pointing out what is wrong rather than praising what was right. The manager of the organization they are in focus more on the positive than the negative. When the manager praises you, it is no more than a minute and he usually makes contact with you by placing his hands on your shoulder or touching you in a pleasing way. He says â€Å"the more consistently successful your people are, the higher you rise in the organization†. When the manager praises you, he looks you right in the eye and tells you what you did right and how he felt about it. Praising always need to be immediate. One Minute Praising works well when you tell them face to face how they are doing, what they did right, how good you feel about that action, encourage them to do more of the same, and shake hands or make contact in a way that is clear that you support their success in the organization. After he went to see Mr. Trenell and Mr. Levy, he went to Miss Gomez instead of Miss Brown. He asked Miss Gomez if they had the best equipment and if the manager loses a lot of people. Miss Gomez replied and said that they don’t have the best equipment and that people that leave the One Minute Manager get their own operation because they don’t need a manager. After a while, he noticed that Miss Gomez was busier and more unorganized than the manager actually was. The next morning he went to see Miss Brown to find out what the third secret was to becoming a One Minute Manager. The third secret was One Minute Reprimands. This is when a subordinate makes a mistake and the manager responds quickly. As soon as he has knowledge of the mistake he will come to see you and confirm the actualities. He looks you in the eyes and tells you what you did wrong and how he feels about it. The Reprimand takes about 30 seconds. After he tells you how he feels, he gives it a minute to let it descend into you. The minute manager does not tackle the person but their behaviour. When the Reprimand is over, Miss Brown says that the One Minute Manager has taught them the value of being able to laugh at themselves when they make a mistake. It helps them to make progress with their work. The one minute reprimand works well when you tell people beforehand how they are doing in  the organization. The Reprimand includes two halves. The first half is to Reprimand immediately, tell people what they did wrong, tell them how you feel when they did wrong, and to stop for a few seconds of scratchy silence to let them feel how you feel. The second half is to shake hands, or touch them to make them know you are on their side, remind them of how much you value them, reaffirm them of how you think of them, and realize that when the Reprimand is over, that it is actually over and there is no turning back. The manager, after all of those meetings, explained all the secrets to the man after meeting with Miss Brown. He explained in detail why you set One Minute Goals, One Minute Praising, and One Minute Reprimands. One Minute Goals are there to ensure that your employees know what you are asking of them and the goals they need to achieve within the organization. You give One Minute Praising to ensure the employees of their right doings and to encourage them to enhance their performance. You give One Minute Reprimand to tell them what they did wrong and that they can do better. Finally, the man got a job at the manager organization as a One Minute Manager.

Essay on Act III of the Crucible Essay

In the play â€Å"The Crucible† Arthur Miller creates a successful dramatic climax at the end of Act III. Integral to this success is Miller’s continued engagement with the audience. The principal reason why the climax is so dramatic and suspenseful is because the audience is involved with what is happening on stage. Throughout â€Å"The Crucible† Miller has achieved a powerful relationship with the audience both on an emotional and intellectual level. The audience in Act III continue to have an understanding of the personalities of the characters and an insight into their behaviour and how they react in different circumstances. In Act III the audience maintains a deep emotional relationship with the characters. They persist to despise certain characters such as Abigail who is exemplified as remorseful, untruthful and vengeful. In contrast the audience develops a more empathic relationship with some characters such as Elizabeth Proctor and Mary Warren. The context of Act III within the play lies just after the incarceration of several villagers on the alleged charges of witchcraft including the wives of three esteemed men within the village John Proctor, Francis Nurse and Giles Corey. The driving plot line of Act III is these three men’s attempt to redeem their wives a particular focus is on Proctor’s struggle. Part of Miller’s dramatic success is attributed to the way he is able to manipulate the historic and social context. The historical setting of the play is a theocratic Puritan settlement in 1692 in the Massachusetts. The theocracy is a significant part of the play as it leads to mounting frustration for the audience and it is the basis to the plot; Miller also uses the theocracy in Salem to convey an important message about Miller’s own social setting in 1950s America. When Miller was writing the play he was living in a society where McCarthyism was prevalent. The playwright in â€Å"The Crucible† particularly in Act III is conveying how McCarthyism is using communism as a false pretence to ‘hunt down’ McCarthy’s enemies in the same way that Salem is using the guise of witchcraft to rid themselves of threats or adversaries. Perhaps Miller is illustrating to the contemporary audience that the hysteria and difficulties of theocracy are strikingly similar to McCarthyism. An important part of the success towards the end of Act III are Miller’s stage directions they give a vivid instruction to the actors of how to portray to the audience the emotions felt by the characters. Miller begins the scene on a remarkably dramatic moment; Proctor becomes enraged when Abigail attempts to call Heaven. Proctor cries â€Å"How dare you call Heaven! Whore! Whore!† in this historical context the word â€Å"whore† has significantly powerful connotations with what the society would see as â€Å"evil† and â€Å"sin†. The characters on stage react to this in an expected way; Danforth appears to be confused and horrified and is shouting at Proctor â€Å"Man! Man, what do you-â€Å"we can see how severe the potential charge of â€Å"whore† could be. When Proctor attempts to justify this charge he is shown on stage as trembling and petrified he shouts â€Å"I have known her, sir, I have known her† this echo of biblical terminology shows the absolute control theocracy has upon Salem and how language from the Bible has managed to integrate into everyday language. The audience can see the impact and power of this scene by the emotion and bewildered reactions of others. Following this scene of commotion Miller creates a relatively calm scene, Proctor’s anxiety turns into confidence as he is sure his wife is able to verify his claims ,†my wife cannot lie†. Abigail, although not revealing much with speech, she is portrayed in contrast as enraged to the audience. Upon Elizabeth Proctor’s entry, there is a situation of suspense and importance, the audience can tell this because Elizabeth sees Proctor with his back turned which conveys to the audience it is a suspenseful moment and she is ordered by the Deputy-Governor to â€Å"Look at me only†. The audience can see the initial impact this has upon her as she appears weak and confused. The scene escalates in tension and a tremendous amount of pressure is being put upon her. Elizabeth is clearly fearful of the situation and the substantial implications of her testimony as she uses vague descriptions such as â€Å"dissatisfied† and she repeatedly states her husband is a â€Å"good and righteous man†. Elizabeth is intimidated by Danforth, at several times during her interrogation Goody Proctor attempts to look at her husband and he shouts at her â€Å"woman, look at me!† The use of this phrase shows a derogatory attitude towards women that was prevalent during this period of history. During Elizabeth’s questioning Danforth uses violence against her he holds her face and she is portrayed to the audience as full of agony and the clear impacts of the stress being put upon her. When Elizabeth is eventually shouted at â€Å"Is your husband a lecher?† she replies â€Å"no† and she is removed from the courtroom. This enrages the audience how Elizabeth’s answer which has essentially been forced out of her after being interrogated and not for a second been reconsidered. Empathy is also felt for Elizabeth because of the difficulty of the situation that has been forced upon her. The passion felt between the Proctors is evident here Elizabeth has lied putting her life at risk in order to save her husband’s name, Proctor then shouts, â€Å"she only thought to save my name† in desperation to save his wife. This devotion towards each other contrasts with the beginning of Act II where there was a sense of awkwardness between the couple. Following Good Wife Proctor’s ejection from the court-room, The Reverend Hale makes a passionate speech declaring his objection to the situation, â€Å"I may shut my conscience to this no more- private vengeance is working through this testimony†. Miller perhaps uses Hale in this situation to represent the audience’s opinion on stage, Hale is finally able to see clearly what is going on, and the audience is relieved that the lies of Abigail may be exposed. Furthermore there is a prospect of hope as Hale could possibly lead the demise of Abigail; he cries â€Å"This girl has always struck me as false†. Once Abigail is under pressure and she is at risk of being undermined she is able to control the situation by creating an ‘imaginary’ scene. Abigail lets out a loud chilling cry, which would have tremendous impact on the audience and stunned both the other characters and perhaps the audience also into silence. Abigail and the rest of the girls pretend that Mary Warren has shape shifted into a â€Å"yellow bird† which would have bewildered an audience. The girls are described as â€Å"transfixed† and â€Å"hypnotized† (upon the bird) showing how convincing their performance must have been. During Abigail’s â€Å"genuine conservation† with the bird she says â€Å"But God made my face Mary†¦envy is a deadly sin† Miller’s use of the word â€Å"sin† perhaps implies that Abigail is appealing to Danforth by making her language correspond to the Bible also by using the term â€Å"sin† Abigail makes Mary appear more sinister to the rest of the characters on stage and make her appear to be associated to the ‘devil’. The girls’ mimicking of Mary has a remarkable impact upon the atmosphere and pace of the scene, all the shouting between Mary and the girls adds to the drama and builds up excitement in the scene . The audience becomes horrified at the situation, with Abigail’s power and dominance she is able to shift the accusations from her to an innocent which must disgust the audience. Compassion is felt towards Mary because of the horrendous situation she is put in. It seems Miller’s original impression of the girls as ruthless appears to be fulfilled during these scenes.

Who is special enough for special education essays

Who is special enough for special education essays Have you ever wanted to be smarter? Wished that you had all the gifts and abilities that are associated with being a super human genius? Coveted the inconceivable abilities of masterminds such as Galileo and Einstein? Throughout the history of man it has been these kinds of great minds that deviate from the current method of thinking, in turn creating new lines of reason and more holistic understandings of the world around us. We label them gifted and talented but they are truly our inventors, our leaders, our Mozarts and Michelangelos. In spite of this they are at risk for extinction. Presently, the sociocultural surrounding in which our children grow do not cater to the needs of these gifted. Their cognitive abilities deviate from norm just as the mentally retarded, yet they are rarely viewed as deviants who need special attention. More often, they are viewed as better off than the majority to begin with and, consequently, are expected to develop to their fullest potential without much help. But just as athletes must constantly condition their muscles, so must the gifted condition their minds. Although all states are required to comply with the federal mandate of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (1991), providing special education and services to the lower end deviants of the intelligence curve, no federal law protects the other end of the curve. The lack of a mandate, which would provide an appropriate, and nourishing learning environment for the gifted has severe implications on their cognitive and psychosocial development. Not once in the Individuals with Disabilities Act is the word gifted ever mentioned. Not one paragraph is dedicated to their benefit. Luckily, 33 states have opted on their own to require their school boards to create some form of gifted and talented programs. The problem is that little over half of these state programs necessitate teacher endorseme...

Definition and Examples of Creoles

Definition and Examples of Creoles In linguistics, a creole is a type of  natural  language that developed historically from a pidgin and came into existence at a fairly precise point in time.  English creoles are spoken by  some of the people in  Jamaica, Sierra Leone, Cameroon, and  parts of Georgia and South Carolina. The historical  transition from a pidgin to a creole is called creolization.  Decreolization is the process by  which a creole language gradually becomes more like the standard language of a region (or the acrolect). The language that provides a creole with most of its vocabulary is called the lexifier language. For example, the lexifier language of Gullah (also called  Sea Island Creole English) is English.   Examples and Observations of Creole Creolization-  A pidgin is the combination of two or more languages which sometimes occurs in trade contact, multi-ethnic or refugee situations, where participants need a functioning common language. . . . Sometimes the pidgin becomes stable and established and comes to be spoken as a mother-tongue by children: the language has then become a creole, which quickly develops in complexity and is used in all functional settings. The process of turning a pidgin into a creole is called ​creolization.(Robert Lawrence Trask and Peter Stockwell, Language and Linguistics: The Key Concepts. Routledge, 2007)-   A creole has a jargon or a pidgin in its ancestry; it is spoken natively by an entire speech community, often one whose ancestors were displaced geographically so that their ties with their original language and sociocultural identity were partly broken. Such social conditions were often the result of slavery.(John A. Holm, An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles. Cambridge Univ ersity Press, 2000) Similar Features of CreolesLinguists have been struck by the similarities between widely separated creoles. These include such features as SVO word order, pre-verbal negation, lack of a formal passive voice, questions with the same forms as statements, and copula deletion. Some linguists argue that such similarities are evidence of an innate language faculty or bioprogram- that in conditions of impoverished linguistic input, children will nevertheless develop a fully fledged syntax based on universal grammar.(Michael Pearce, The Routledge Dictionary of English Language Studies. Routledge, 2007)Gullah-  The English variety spoken by descendants of Africans on the coast of South Carolina is known as Gullah and has been identified as a creole. Of all the vernaculars associated with African Americans, it is the one that diverges the most from (White) middle-class varieties in North America.(S.S. Mufwene, North American Varieties of English as Byproducts of Population Contacts, in The W orkings of Language, ed. by R. S. Wheeler. Greenwood, 1999)- On possible to get straight wood from crooked timber.(A Gullah  proverb,  from  The Gullah People and Their African Heritage, 2005)- The Gullah lexicon is  largely English. From his research conducted in the late 1930s, Lorenzo Turner was the first linguist to document over 4000 Africanisms in the Gullah lexicon,  many of them used as basket names (e.g. Gullah nicknames). Today you can still hear in normal everyday conversations such African retentions as  buckra white man, tita elder sister, dada mother or elder sister, nyam eat/meat, sa quickly, benne sesame, una you, and da the verb to be.  Other Gullah Africanisms such as  cooter turtle, tote to carry, okra plant food, gumbo stew, and goober peanut are widely used in mainstream American English.(Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World, ed. by  Keith Brown and Sarah Ogilvie.  Elsevier, 2009 Disagreements Over the Creole Roots of Black English in the U.S.[A]s for various arguments that Black English displays African or creole roots because of the role that aspect plays in its grammar (e.g., DeBose and Faraclas 1993), the issue is in fact not yet sufficiently examined to stand as an accepted fact. For one, tense plays a much more central role in Black English grammar than in Creoles or the West African languages of the Upper Guinea region, underlyingly marking the past and future as obligatorily as any Indo-European grammar (cf. also Winford 1998: 116). Second, typical of Creolist Hypothesis advocates generally insufficient attention to English dialects, the aspect arguments do not address the role that aspect in nonstandard British dialects may have played. This gap in argumentation alone renders the linkage of Black English aspect to Africa and creoles seriously incomplete, which is all the more significant given that there is indeed evidence that nonstandard British di alects are more aspect-focused than standard English (Trugdill and Chambers 1991).(John H. McWhorter, Defining Creoles. Oxford University  Press, 2005) Pronunciation: KREE-ol

The Most Intelligent Social Promotion Tool Youll Ever Use - CoSchedule

The Most Intelligent Social Promotion Tool Youll Ever Use You + social automation have a love/hate relationship†¦ You love the idea of setting up a social campaign ONCE and letting it run on autopilot†¦ (while reaping the amazing benefits of a consistent, relevant, and timely social schedule) BUTlet’s be real. Your â€Å"social automation reality† looks more like: running to delete those 15 identical messages that just spammed your FB, Insta, and Pinterest audiences†¦ doing damage control when that poorly timed, â€Å"Why Prince Is Overrated† post went out the weekend of his memorial celebration (facepalm) †¦and working overtime when those â€Å"make life easier† auto-schedule messages trumped  your more relevant and timely campaigns. You see, here’s the problem: Most social automation doesn’t take into account the intelligent (or maybe not so intelligent) beings around them. They can’t react, recalibrate, or anticipate changes. They don’t KNOW  when to send messages (at the most optimal times) And quite franklythey’re just dumb. Which is why we created ReQueue, the only social automation tool with built-in intelligence. Say goodbye to spamming your audience†¦ Duplicate posts†¦ AND badly timed social campaigns! With ReQueue, you really can streamline your social strategy Cos’ unlike other social automation tools, ReQueue interacts with the rest of your social schedule. It takes into account everything you’ve got on the calendar, promotes your content at the most optimal times, AND recalibrates when you’ve got other campaigns going out at the same time (no duplicate efforts)! This Is The Most Intelligent Social Promotion Tool Youll EVER UseWIth ReQueue, you can: Set it forget it (with confidence).  Social automation is supposed to simplify your life (not add work to it). With ReQueue- the ONLY intelligent social automation tool on the web- you can set your best social messages on autopilot, and know with confidence your messages are sent to the right places (at the right time)with minimal effort. Automatically re-use your best social messages (without the manual work). ReQueue fills in the gaps of your daily schedule with real smarts, not  manual guesses! It takes into account your entire social schedule, uses Best Time Scheduling intelligence to promote your messages at the most optimal times AND intelligently finds the gaps in your schedule (so you don’t have to). Get more mileage out of your messages. The average lifespan of a single social message is mere minutes, so why are you only sharing it once? Craft your messages, add them to ReQueue, and let re-share them at the most optimal posting frequency. So, no matter what you’ve got on the roadmap, rest assured, your social schedule is always timely, always relevant†¦ and always intelligent. Set It Forget It (With Confidence) You’ve heard stories about #automation fails (or worse, experienced one yourself!) *Think Roomba + Dog Poop disaster circa 2016* And the worst part of the #automation fail isn’t necessarily the fail itself†¦ (although, ew†¦) It’s that someone PAID for something that was supposed to make their life easier. When in reality†¦ It only made things a million times more complicated. 😕 Automation is supposed to simplify your life†¦ (not add work to it) Which means the same sentiment should hold true when it comes to automating your social media! With ReQueue- the ONLY intelligent social automation tool on the web- you can set your best social messages on autopilot, and know with confidence your messages are sent to the right places (at the right time)with minimal effort. ReQueue:The Basics No one likes to page through setup manuals larger than college textbooks†¦ #snoozefest If automation is supposed to make your life easier†¦ it should be easy to set up AND even easier to understand how it works! So before we dive right in, here’s a high level overview of ReQueue (aka the basics) for you skimmer’s out there: Schedule social messages directly on your calendar. Add your best messages to ReQueue for reuse later on. ReQueue automatically fills gaps in your social schedule. ^^Easy, right? And now that you know the basics, let’s run through *exactly* how to set up ReQueue! 👠 How To Setup ReQueue Because automation should be all about keepin’ it simple here are the seven  (not one hundred million *cough*) steps it takes to set up ReQueue: Step One: Enable ReQueue on your calendar. Step Two: Select your sending frequency  (when you want ReQueue to fill in the gaps in your social schedule). Step Three: Decide message sending limits  (how often you want ReQueue to reuse a specific message in a month). Step Four: Select the social profiles  you want ReQueue to use and how often you want messages to send from each profile. Step Five: Create your ReQueue groups  (use these to organize your ReQueue messages into categories). Step Six: Add some high-performing messages to ReQueue. (More on that later). Step Seven: And finally†¦.set it and forget it! ^^Yep. Set it and FORGET IT. Because ReQueue is more than just an automation tool that’s easy to setup†¦ it’s also SMART. It talks to your social strategy, and then recalibrates! Which means you don’t have to constantly check in and make sure it’s still working correctly. Saving you time†¦ AND your sanity. #boom And now that you know how to setup ReQueue (knowing it won’t suddenly malfunction if you step away for two seconds) †¦you can *FINALLY* streamline your social strategy + focus on the important stuff (thanks to SMART automation that won’t let you down). Automatically Re-Use Your Best Social Messages (Without The Manual Work) Remember when you bought a tool that was *supposed* to make your life easier? But when you tried to set it up†¦ you quickly realized that this tool was NOT simple and the worst part†¦ It was NOT going to make your life easier. AKA the â€Å"automatic tool† you bought solve a problem†¦ Was going to require A TON of manual work on your end. *insert headache here* Which is why we created ReQueue a tool that actually  makes your life easier†¦ WITHOUT the manual work! ReQueue fills in the gaps of your daily schedule with real smarts, not  manual guesses! It takes into account your entire social schedule, uses Best Time Scheduling intelligence to promote your messages at the most optimal times AND intelligently finds the gaps in your schedule (so you don’t have to). How ReQueue Fills In The Gaps Here’s the three-step breakdown: ReQueue looks at your ENTIRE social schedule. ReQueue uses Best Time Scheduling (more on that later) intelligence to promote your messages at optimal times. And finally, ReQueue uses that information to intelligently find the gaps in your schedule + fills ‘em (so you don’t have to). Now for a little more info on Best Time Scheduling. ðŸ™Å' Best Time Scheduling is a tool that knows the â€Å"best† time to send messages based on when it will get the most engagement. It was created by analyzing best practices from hundreds of the world’s best marketers, critically assessing the rules + strategies for every social platform, and testing out the perfect times to send a message. AKA, it’s a tool created + tested by marketers backed by REAL data. And since ReQueue uses Best Time Scheduling when filling in the gaps in your social schedule†¦ you can rest assured knowing your messages are always going out at times where you’re likely to get the most clicks, likes, shares. (Driving more traffic to your site, and more $$$ into your pockets). Besides leveraging Best Time Scheduling†¦ ReQueue also uses the social profile sending limits, sending frequency, and message limits YOU defined during setup! ReQueue was designed to be a SMART social automation tool†¦ One that listens to you†¦ Relies on REAL data to make decisions†¦ Can easily recalibrate based on your social schedule And requires ZERO manual work on your end. 👠 Get More Mileage Out Of Your Messages Think about all the time you spend creating + curating your social media content. Writing engaging, relevant, and meaningful copy Finding the *best* photo†¦ Assembling all your messages into perfect little packages†¦ And then scheduling them out to be delivered (with love) to each social network. But once you’ve sent them out They quickly  drop into social media oblivion (aka the very bottom of a newsfeed)†¦ †¦just hours or even minutes  after they are posted. The average lifespan of a single social message is mere minutes, so why are you only sharing it once? Well, thanks to your favorite social automation tool†¦ You can craft social messages, add them to ReQueue, and let re-share them at the most optimal posting frequency! Which means you get more mileage out of your messages AND some major time back on your calendar for the thousand things on your to-do list. *woop woop!* Now you might be wonderingwhat messages belong in ReQueue? The answer: your best, highest converting, most engaging messages should be added to ReQueue! (Pro tip: Make sure it’s  a combination of evergreen, original, and curated content to create a good mix). Having trouble figuring out which messages are your top performers? Head to your Social Engagement Report! Here you can see your top performing messages, what networks they were sent to, and which social profile was used, and easily add them to ReQueue with just a couple clicks. There are no limits or requirements to what messages you can add to ReQueue, so feel free to add new messages to ReQueue, too! As long as you create a good mix, you’re good to go. ðŸ™Å' You + social automation USED to have a love/hate relationship†¦ But with ReQueue†¦ You really can streamline your social strategy! Say goodbye to spamming your audience†¦ Duplicate posts†¦ AND badly timed social campaigns! Because now you’ve got  the smartest social automation tool around. One that interacts with the rest of your social schedule†¦ Takes into account everything you’ve got on the calendar†¦ Promotes your content at the most optimal times†¦ AND recalibrates when you’ve got other campaigns going out at the same time (no duplicate efforts)! So, no matter what you’ve got on the roadmap†¦ Rest assured, with ReQueue, your social schedule is always timely, always relevant†¦ and always intelligent.

LSTD303 Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LSTD303 Paper - Essay Example The issue of divorce does not only entail the end of a marriage or union between the two individuals involved, but also other relevant and complex legal issues such as the sharing of property, the custody of the children, the financing of the children’s lifestyle, among other fine legal details (Virginia State Bar, 2013). No wonder therefore, that the issue of divorce is a fundamental legal issue in the state of Virginia, where the State has provided that for any divorce to occur, there should be sufficient grounds which are to be applied as the basis. Besides the fundamental requirements regarding sufficient grounds for completing a divorce, there are also some requirements regarding the residency of the area of jurisdiction, which also informs the settling of the divorce issue between the involved parties. Therefore, the article seeks to address the fundamental questions that different individuals might have, regarding the issue of divorce in the state of Virginia, with a fo cus on the types of divorce, the required grounds for completing divorce, the property rights and how they are addressed, the award of spousal support, the custody of children and the children support obligations. Types of divorce in the State of Virginia The state of Virginia recognizes two type of divorces; divorce from bed and board or divorce from the bond of matrimony (Hofheimer, 2009). The divorce from bed and board refers to the situation where the husband and wife are legally separated from each other, and they are not allowed to remarry again. This is a qualified type of divorce, under which the parties involved can then go back to the court and petition the court to merge the divorce into a divorce from the bond of matrimony, after one year has passed from the date the two were legally separated (Virginia State Bar, 2013). On the other hand, the divorce from the bond of matrimony is the absolute form of divorce, where the links between a husband and wife are permanently se vered. Annulment is the other type of divorce, which takes the form of a legal decree that declares a marriage null and void, on the ground that such a marriage was entered under conditions of fraud, duress or coercion of one of the party (Stim, 2013). The Grounds for Divorce in the State of Virginia Under the Family Laws of the State of Virginia, it is provided that a divorce cannot just occur out of the mere agreement between the husband and wife. Under this law, it is required that sufficient ground should exist for effecting a divorce between a husband and wife, even where the two have mutually agreed to have a divorce (Gross & Callahan, 2006). The bases for the two types of divorces are provided for differently. The required grounds for completing a divorce from bed and board, as provided for in the State of Virginia, include a Willful desertion or abandonment, where the individuals involved have broken the bonds of cohabitation, and they have the intent to dessert or abandon e ach other (Virginia State Bar, 2013). Thus where sufficient grounds exist for one member of the marriage to dessert, the court will then grant the authority for the application of a divorce from bed and board. The second ground under which a divorce from bed and board can be applied is the acts of cruelty or bodily harm perpetrated by one party in the marriage, against the other (Hofheimer, 2009). Under circumstances where it is evident that one party to the marriage is capable of bodily causing harm to the other, and thus

Green Buildings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Green Buildings - Essay Example Conventional use of energy requires exploitation of resources such as coal in the production of electricity, use of hydropower among other energy sources that have been in use for many years. Consequently, the use of the above sources of energy in buildings leads to massive environmental pollution and environmental degradation. For instance, the use of coal to produce electricity results in massive emission of carbon dioxide and environmental degradation in areas were cola has to be mined. As a result, the entire process leads to land and environmental degradation among other negative effects. To reduce environmental degradation and pollution from emissions, buildings are designed and constructed with features that minimise overreliance on conventional energy by relying more on natural lighting and energy conservation designs. There are various standards of grading buildings on a scale, which reflects the extent of energy efficiency in such buildings. In other words, the more efficie nt a building is, the more green such a building is, with several certification bodies coming up to rate and certify energy and resource efficient buildings. The research aims at investigating different requirements before certifying a building as green and the requirements that a building has to meet to warrant the green title. A few case studies of highly rated green buildings will be analysed with respect to the perspective of energy and resources efficiency, and how such buildings contribute to environmental sustainability. Moreover, the dissertation will seek to investigate different aspects that are used to rate these buildings and the different ratings used by the recognized certification bodies with close investigation of implications of building rating in addition to the current market response to green construction. Though the concept of green building dates back to the early 90s when groups advocating for sustainable

Justice as a larger loyalty and theory of recognition Essay

Justice as a larger loyalty and theory of recognition - Essay Example Richard Rorty is an American philosopher having graduated from the University of Chicago. He is a man well known in contemporary analytic of philosophy work as well as history of philosophy. In his research and writings towards justice and democracy, Rorty suggested that democracy can only be recognized world wide as moral legitimacy forms of government. From the mere observations, Rorty suggested that democracy establishment and preservation varies from one culture to another hence; democracy is affected by three major problems in general. Justice and democracy depends on the perspective ways of presentation, theoretical point of view and practical form. However, the author in his writings demonstrated distortion of democratic decision making which is brought by disparities in wealth, capitalist economies and reconciliation of democratic values are some of the major problems that democracy and justice meets. In his regards towards justice as a larger loyalty, Rorty believed that mos t of what passes for philosophy facet is puzzled, useless, solving, as well as clever towards culture and real life of people within a given community. The author suggested an aspect of pragmatists towards nature and gave an inquiry that one should simply make on what he or she see happening. In his writing however, the philosopher initiated other fellow to try some new ways of thinking and see the result as suggested.

Analysis Of The Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay

Analysis Of The Sir Gawain And The Green Knight - Essay Example The story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is based on the challenges that are made against his ethics in terms of being a knight and the changes that come with age that refine those ethical considerations. The heart of the tale begins as Arthur asks for a story to be told that would inspire him to eat his dinner. At this point, the Green Knight appears and wants to talk to Arthur. He comes to challenge the court because he wants to know whether or not the court and its knights can live up to their legend. The challenge is that one of the knights can take one swing of his giant ax and in exactly a year the Green Knight can return that swing. Sir Gawain uses the ax to cut off the Green Knight’s head when the Knight has offered his neck for the blow. For most people, this would be the end of the game, but the Green knight speaks and reminds the assembly of the deal they have struck before taking his head and riding out of the celebration. Use of the word covenant appears frequently throughout the book, creating a sense of obligation between characters in the story. When the Green Knight first faces Sir Gawain who is to be the person with whom he exchanges strokes of the ax he says â€Å"Make we our covenant ere we go further†, suggesting that the agreement is the lynchpin on which the entire ‘game’ is based (Weston 14). This creates a foundation of ethics on which the events that unfold can be examined. It is the ethical and moral character of Sir Gawain, as well as that of Arthurs court, which is being examined through honoring the idea of a covenant. There is a description of the changing of seasons that occurs within the poem. The changing of the seasons can be equated with the idea of the change that occurs over time as a person begins to mature. The seasonal changes are reflective of the cycle of life in which Sir Gawain believes he has come to an end.

Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sustainability - Essay Example A second reason was the strategy could become a guide to encourage infrastructure investment. A third reason was to encourage nature conservation by. Lastly the process could help encourage new entrants into tourism rather than into sectors which could destroy the long term prospects of tourism. The second section deals with what a sustainable tourism strategy is and how it differs from a conventional tourism plan. Conventional plans more closely resemble traditional marketing plans as it is designed to increase visitor numbers, turnover etc. through community resources. Sustainable tourism plans rely on wider regional analysis whose hallmarks include analysis of current tourism assets and future tourism development and a discussion of how tourism could be used for social benefits and probably most importantly strategies should be long term in their approach. The next section identifies how these strategies are produced. Firstly the strategy makers should have a number of objectives in the tourism, economic, ecological, and social sectors. Secondly, consultation with affected parties should be wide ranging and strategies should be an evolving/long term enterprise. In this regard the focus of this paper was wide ranging. It was a well laid out argument which identifies what the problem is, why strategy formulation should be paramount, how the strategy should be developed and the effect that strategy formulation has had in real world experiences. The only critique would be that in order to reinforce the importance of strategy development, perhaps examples of how not adhering to this sort of strategy should produce negative

Archetypes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Archetypes - Essay Example She mixes up her business professionalism with life care, in that she endows the main task of caring for the child. This movie lays credence to the socio-economic position of the global period during that 10-year period, characterized by the decreased growth of countries’ low standards of living. Her final decision that overcame the thought of an adoption, as she had grown attached to the child shows how the female figure appreciates life. The viewers remain appreciating the rational decision presented. They remain criticizing her male counterpart who abandoned her at her most crucial time (Harold Ramis), an investment banker. Despite all the challenges and hurdles that Wiatt had grown through including suffering a nervous breakdown, she later resurfaces, and all hopes are high when her Baby Food company sales at millions. With the improvement in the world economy, women leadership position has even been more solidified as the new economic period ushers occurs. The movie, The Devil wears Prada of 2006; shows career based female power, love, and friendship linkages in complex and sometimes paradoxical perspectives. Women power linkages explained in the movie reveal that females utilize power effectively to ensure they are competitive in business. They also help other women advance in their careers. This is evident when Andrea acts loyal to Miranda when she attempted to warn her against the coup that intended to overthrow Miranda for a younger woman. However, love and friendship linkages deteriorate, as women become successful professionals. In spite of linkage drawbacks, such movies portray optimism and stable women figure images for young females in the workforce (Danya 70). With the high and improved economic standards, there has been enhancement in life and consequently because of westernization, social evils such as prostitution and production of pornographic materials have sprung up. In the 2004 American teen film, The

Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sustainability - Essay Example A second reason was the strategy could become a guide to encourage infrastructure investment. A third reason was to encourage nature conservation by. Lastly the process could help encourage new entrants into tourism rather than into sectors which could destroy the long term prospects of tourism. The second section deals with what a sustainable tourism strategy is and how it differs from a conventional tourism plan. Conventional plans more closely resemble traditional marketing plans as it is designed to increase visitor numbers, turnover etc. through community resources. Sustainable tourism plans rely on wider regional analysis whose hallmarks include analysis of current tourism assets and future tourism development and a discussion of how tourism could be used for social benefits and probably most importantly strategies should be long term in their approach. The next section identifies how these strategies are produced. Firstly the strategy makers should have a number of objectives in the tourism, economic, ecological, and social sectors. Secondly, consultation with affected parties should be wide ranging and strategies should be an evolving/long term enterprise. In this regard the focus of this paper was wide ranging. It was a well laid out argument which identifies what the problem is, why strategy formulation should be paramount, how the strategy should be developed and the effect that strategy formulation has had in real world experiences. The only critique would be that in order to reinforce the importance of strategy development, perhaps examples of how not adhering to this sort of strategy should produce negative

External and Internal Environments Research Paper - 5

External and Internal Environments - Research Paper Example The issues related to this segment include obesity and health concerns and product quality concerns, including concerns related to the ingredients of the beverages (Coca-Cola Annual Report 2013). Another segment is the global segment, as the company operates globally, and is planning to expand its operations in developing and emerging markets. The company might fail its global growth strategy because of adverse economic and political conditions, different cultural attributes, limited purchasing power or inability to acquire local bottling companies (Coca-Cola Annual Report 2013). In the soft drink industry, fierce rivalry between dominant producers Coca-Cola and Pepsi Co and the threat of substitution are strong, while the threat of entry, the bargaining power of buyers and the power of suppliers are more benign. The Coca-Cola Company is facing fierce industry competition, and in order to keep its competitive advantage, the company has created and implemented integrated marketing programs, aimed to increase consumers’ awareness and raise appeal for the Coca-Cola’s brands (Coca-Cola Annual Report 2012). Moreover, in order to raise customer preference for Coca-Cola’s brands, the company has been undertaking some joint brand-building initiatives with the customers (Coca-Cola Annual Report 2012). As the threat of substitution is high in the soft drink industry as the popularity of tea, coffee and other non-alcoholic beverages is growing, the Coca-Cola has also diversified its brand portfolio with new products, substitutes for soft drinks, such as bottled waters (Dasani, Ciel), sport drinks (Powerrade), juices (Simply Orange, Del Valle), vitamin water and smartwater (Glacà ©au), tea (Fuze tea, organic bottled tea Honest Tea), etc. (Coca-Cola Company, n.d.). With the same two forces in mind, high industry rivalry and threat of substitution, it is possible to suggest that the Coca-Cola Company might introduce coffee drinks and more healthy (sugar

Pregnancy and Briefly Informs Jessica Essay Example for Free

Pregnancy and Briefly Informs Jessica Essay Jessica is a 30-year-old immigrant from Mexico City. She and her husband Marco have been in the U.S. for the last 3 years and have finally earned enough money to move out of their Aunt Maria’s home and into an apartment of their own. They are both hard workers. Jessica works 50 hours a week at a local restaurant, and Marco has been contracting side jobs in construction. Six months before their move to an apartment, Jessica finds out she is pregnant. Four months later, Jessica and Marco arrive at the county hospital, a large, public, nonteaching hospital. A preliminary ultrasound indicates a possible abnormality with the fetus. Further scans are conducted and it is determined that the fetus has a rare condition in which it has not developed any arms, and will not likely develop them. There is also a 25% chance that the fetus may have Down syndrome. Dr. Wilson, the primary attending physician is seeing Jessica for the first time, since she and Marco did not receive earlier prenatal care over concerns about finances. Marco insists that Dr. Wilson refrain from telling Jessica the scan results, assuring him that he will tell his wife himself when she is emotionally ready for the news. While Marco and Dr. Wilson are talking in another room, Aunt Maria walks into the room with a distressed look on her face. She can tell that something is wrong and inquires of Dr. Wilson. After hearing of the diagnosis, she walks out of the room wailing loudly and praying out loud. Marco and Dr. Wilson continue their discussion, and Dr. Wilson insists that he has an obligation to Jessica as his patient and that she has a right to know the diagnosis of the fetus. He furthermore is intent on discussing all relevant factors and options regarding the next step, including abortion. Marco insists on taking some time to think of how to break the news to Jessica, but Dr. Wilson, frustrated with the direction of the conversation, informs the husband that such a choice is not his to make. Dr. Wilson proceeds back across the hall, where he walks in on Aunt Maria awkwardly praying with Jessica and phoning the priest. At that point, Dr. Wilson gently but briefly informs Jessica of the diagnosis, and lays out the option for abortion as a responsible medical alternative, given the quality of life such a child would have. Jessica looks at him and struggles to hold back her tears.

Virtual Reality :: essays research papers

Virtual Reality Virtual reality as of recent, while still extremely new, has become the topic of many opposing viewpoints. It has caught the eye of the general public for several reasons. Perhaps, this is mainly because of all the possibilities which virtual reality creates. Note that the possibilities are not pre- determined as either good or bad, mainly because there are many different opinions to the future of this developing technology. However, despite the controversy this new technology has aroused, society should not remain skeptical. Virtual reality has the potential, if used correctly, to become a great technological advancement that will aid society in many ways. In the past, virtual reality has been nothing more than a small step beyond video games. However, it is now apparent that this technology can be used for more practical purposes. These purposes include national defense, surgical procedures and various other applications. Society has not fully acknowledged the benefits of virtual reality as of yet because it is still under development. The reason for virtual reality remaining in its development for so long is mainly due to its complexity. The hardware that has developed so far is unable to make the large calculations required by a virtual reality based machine. However, as apparent in recent years, technology is advancing at an extreme rate. This is another reason why society's hopes for virtual reality should and have remained unwaivered. In Orenstein's story, she gives the perspective of the average citizen who is obviously uncertain about the uses and/or affects that virtual reality will have upon society. The show she attended was quick to point out the practicality of virtual reality however, it still left much to be desired. It seems that Orenstein was disgruntled when she came to an exhibit and the topic of cyber-sex was raised. Perhaps it wasn't just that it came up but more like how it came up. The idea of a man and woman being in a virtual world and a man fondling the womans breasts was probably, although very much possible, not a great first impression. It gave Orenstein the opportunity to explore the evils that virtual reality makes possible. After a while, Orenstein realizes that just like the computing age has hackers, the virtual age will have it's own high-tech delinquents. You can't prevent technology from being abused. There will be those who use VR rudely, stupidly, dangerously--just as they do the telephone or computer. Like the telephone and the modem, its popular rise will also eliminate the need for certain fundamental kinds of human contact, even as it enhances our ability to communicate. (Orenstein 258)

Mentor Graphics :: essays papers

Mentor Graphics Objective To complete all aspects of the exercise regarding D type flip-flop, TTL and CMOS and to familiarize us with the HDL software which is Mentor Graphics. This software is capable of constructing and simulating a particular design. As for this assignment 1, we are given 4 weeks to complete the assignment. It is compulsory to attend every lab sessions as there is no alternative software to use. Only a certain limit of time is given for the use of the software and therefore designing of circuit is required to be completed before attending the lab. To give students a first-hand understanding of the EDA lab and most importantly Mentor Graphics, a powerful tool in HDL technology. This assignment allows the students to understand or rather familiarize themselves with the design flow of the EDA software and to fully explore what the software is capable and powerful to do. Lastly, to prepare the students for the next assignments which uses the similar software. Introduction – D(elay) Flip-Flop (What You Have to Know First!) The D flip-flop is useful when a single data bit (1 or 0) is to be stored. An additional inverter to the S-R flip-flop at the R input creates a D flip-flop. The D flip-flop shown below is a modification of the clocked SR flip-flop. The D input goes directly into the S input and the complement of the D input goes to the R input. If there is a HIGH on the D input when a clock pulse is applied, the flip-flop SETs and stores a 1. If there is a LOW on the D input when a clock pulse is applied, the flip-flop RESETs and stores a 0. The truth table below summarizes the operations of the positive edge-triggered D flip-flop. As before, the negative edge-triggered flip-flop works the same except that the falling edge of the clock pulse is the triggering edge. (a) Logic diagram with NAND gates (b) Graphical symbol InputsD CP(CLK) OutputsQ Q’ Comments 1 1 0 SET (stores 1) Mentor Graphics :: essays papers Mentor Graphics Objective To complete all aspects of the exercise regarding D type flip-flop, TTL and CMOS and to familiarize us with the HDL software which is Mentor Graphics. This software is capable of constructing and simulating a particular design. As for this assignment 1, we are given 4 weeks to complete the assignment. It is compulsory to attend every lab sessions as there is no alternative software to use. Only a certain limit of time is given for the use of the software and therefore designing of circuit is required to be completed before attending the lab. To give students a first-hand understanding of the EDA lab and most importantly Mentor Graphics, a powerful tool in HDL technology. This assignment allows the students to understand or rather familiarize themselves with the design flow of the EDA software and to fully explore what the software is capable and powerful to do. Lastly, to prepare the students for the next assignments which uses the similar software. Introduction – D(elay) Flip-Flop (What You Have to Know First!) The D flip-flop is useful when a single data bit (1 or 0) is to be stored. An additional inverter to the S-R flip-flop at the R input creates a D flip-flop. The D flip-flop shown below is a modification of the clocked SR flip-flop. The D input goes directly into the S input and the complement of the D input goes to the R input. If there is a HIGH on the D input when a clock pulse is applied, the flip-flop SETs and stores a 1. If there is a LOW on the D input when a clock pulse is applied, the flip-flop RESETs and stores a 0. The truth table below summarizes the operations of the positive edge-triggered D flip-flop. As before, the negative edge-triggered flip-flop works the same except that the falling edge of the clock pulse is the triggering edge. (a) Logic diagram with NAND gates (b) Graphical symbol InputsD CP(CLK) OutputsQ Q’ Comments 1 1 0 SET (stores 1)

Editorialist Essay Example

These calls to action suggest that the liberality of the government is getting so out of hand that if the American people don't take a stand, conditions in the country will continue following the downward pattern that they currently are. In ‘Freedom Lost,† an article about new legislation restricting the freedom of the American public, Reilly writes, â€Å"We Americans deed to stop this nanny state stuff,† referring to how Americans do not provide any resistance to the new laws.This call to action suggests that it is Americans' fault that laws hurting their own freedom are being passed, and as such it is up to them to find a solution to this problem. Reilly calls the audience to action in â€Å"The Big Con† as well. The first sentence of the editorial is simply, â€Å"Please listen up,† immediately drawing the readers in, as well as suggesting the severity of what is to follow. Reality's calls to action, like those mound in â€Å"Freedom Lost† and â€Å"The Big Con,† unite the audience for his cause, and provide a degree of reader involvement in the editorials as well.Aside from addressing the audience through blame and calls to action, Reilly often appeals to the logic of his readers. These appeals frequently include statistics, such as in â€Å"The Big Con† when he writes, â€Å"The American taxpayer will fork over about $571 billion to pay for educating children†, and â€Å"the Country spends close to $16,000 per student every year On primary wrought college education,† later stating that this is â€Å"the highest per-students spending rate in the world. By including indisputable facts such as these, Reilly establishes the fact that there is logic behind his argument, rather than him just speaking his mind. A similar appeal can be found in â€Å"Just Say Yes† that condemns the liberal American government. He writes, â€Å"Almost 30 million Americans [are] currently categorized as â €˜substance abusers',† this large number demonstrating how poorly the American government is dealing tit illegal drug users. A third example of an Reilly establishing the logical credibility of his argument appears in † Freedom Lost†.On the topic of state governments being far too liberal with their passage of new legislation, Reilly writes, â€Å"In California, Gob. Jerry Brown has signed into law an astounding 876 new mandates,† and follows this with examples of what the laws prohibit citizens from doing. Examples such as these prove that there is logical ground on which Reality's arguments are based on, making it clear hat his points are at least partially valid when supported with logic.Bill Reilly is one of the most widely recognized conservative columnists in America today, voicing his opinion in various forms of media, from television to social media to editorials and more. His implementation of rhetorical devices in his writing leads to a unique t one that some find appealing, and others find offensive. Regardless of whether one favors or opposes Reality's views, it is undeniable that he is adept at writing editorials that will incite heated political discussion.

Anatomy of the Bean Seed

The Anatomy of a Bean Seed Subject Area: Plant Science Unit Title: Parts of Plants – Seeds Grade Level: 4th & 5th Objectives: To create an understanding of the deferent parts of a seed and their functions. Colorado Content Standards to be covered: science Standard I – Students understand the processes of scientific investigation and design, conduct, communicate about, and evaluate such Investigations. Standard Ill Life science: students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with ACH other and their environment.Anticipatory Set: using a concept map on the board (or photocopy attached) ask students to name types of seeds they are familiar with or eat. Possibilities Include: lima beans, peas, green beans, sunflower seeds, black-eyed peas, and pinto beans. Materials: Dried lima beans, paper plates, water, magnifying glasses Input: Make copies of attached bean seed diagrams and go over th e following parts and definitions: Key Vocabulary: 1 . Micromole – the small pore in a seed that that allows water absorption 2. Helium – he scar on a seed coat at the location where It was attached to the plant's stalk during development 3. Deed coat (tests) the outer, protective skin covering the seed 4. Embryo – developing plant still inside the seed 5. Cotyledon – part of the seed that contains stored food used for initial growth 6. Dicotyledonous – (or idiotic for short) seed with two cotyledons Checking for understanding: At the end of this section, choose one of the following for a quick check: ask the students to partner share and think, pair and share, do a quick 3 word 1 OFF down to check for understanding. Determine the level of mastery for each student and provide individual remediation as needed.Prep: On the day before starting the experiment, soak dried lima beans in water. They will absorb some of the water and get a soft outside cov ering (seed coat). Procedures/Activities: examining a Bean Seed 1. Give each student a lima bean on a paper plate. Identify the seed coat. 2. Carefully rub the seed between your thumb and fingers. The seed coat will crack and slip off the seed easily. 3. Identify the cotyledon. This is the large oval part of the seed containing the food he seed needs before it can get nutrients from the soil and water. . The bean seed has a slit going down the middle of the seed. Split it open into 2 halves. Inside is a tiny plant called an embryo. A bean seed has two parts. Therefore, it is a Dicotyledonous, or idiotic for short. 5. Observe the bean parts using a magnifying glass.

Characteristics of Philippine Literature

CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE Philippine literature is the literature associated with the Philippines and includes the legends of prehistory, and the colonial legacy of the Philippines. Most of the notable literature of the Philippines was written during the Spanish period and the first half of the 20th century in Spanish language. Philippine literature is written in Spanish, English, Tagalog, and/or other native Philippine languages. Philippine literature refers to all literature from the Philippines, written in Spanish, English, Tagalog, and a variety of other Philippine languages.Philippine literature flourished during the Spanish period (nineteenth century) and the first half of the twentieth century. The literature of the Philippines covers a variety of genres, most notably poetry and metrical romances, prose, dramas, religious dramas, and secular dramas.INTRODUCTION TO PHILIPPINE LITERATUREThe history of a nation can be learned in its constitution, its laws and its political statements. But to know the hist ory of a nation’s spirit, you must read its literature. For in literature you can discover how the people of a nation have reacted to the events around them.In the stories, essays and poems contained in this volume, you will read the dreams, anxieties, joys and problems of the Filipino in the past seventy-five years. By reading this development of Philippine Literature you will review what has happened to the Filipino since 1900. But literature offers much more than a mere personalized history. For an important quality of art is to share with others the intense realization of a human experience. Through this sharing, you may recognize your own experiences. You may learn what you are or how you have become what you are. You may even learn what you might be in the future.Philippine literature shows you how the Filipino differs from others. Yet in a sense the Filipino writer is linked with all the other writers of the world. For in explaining or questioning human experience, wri ters are never alone. Philippine Literature in English is really a part of the literatures of the world. A further quality of literature is that the expressions used should be memorable. The language should be clear and forceful so that the ideas strike the reader with almost the same force with which they struck the writer. The early Filipino writers had difficulty in expressing themselves since English was a language new to them.The marvel is that they learned this language so quickly and with such facility. Philippine literature in English reveals the spirit of the Filipino. Gradually this literature has learned to express the deepest of human experiences in words that create memorable images. You may divide Philippine Literature in English into many types and numerous periods. But for our purposes, we shall consider three stages through which the literature has passed. These stages might be called: 1) The Early Period, from 1900 to 1930 2) The Middle Period, from 1930 to 1960 3) The Modern Period, from 1960 to 1974Philippine literature Philippine literature is the literature associated with the Philippines and includes the legends of prehistory, and the colonial legacy of the Philippines, written in both Indigenous, and Hispanic languages. Most of the notable literature of the Philippines was written during the Spanish period and the first half of the 20th century in Spanish language. Philippine literature is written in Spanish, English, Tagalog, and other native Philippine languages.EARLY WORKSâ€Å"Doctrina Christiana†, Manila, 1593, is the first book printed in the Philippines.Tomas Pinpin wrote and printed in 1610 â€Å"Librong Pagaaralan nang mga Tagalog nang Wikang Kastila†, 119 pages designed to help fellow Filipinos to learn the Spanish language in a simple way. He is also credited with the first news publication made in the Philippines, â€Å"Successos Felices†, CLASSICAL LITERATURE IN SPANISH (19TH CENTURY) On December 1, 184 6, La Esperanza, the first daily newspaper, was published in the country. Other early newspapers were La Estrella (1847), Diario de Manila (1848) and Boletin Oficial de Filipinas (1852). The first provincial newspaper was El Eco de Vigan (1884), which was issued in Ilocos.In Cebu City â€Å"El Boletin de Cebu† (The Bulletin of Cebu), was published in 1890. On 1863, the Spanish government introduced a system of free public education that had an important effect on the ability of the population to read in Spanish and further in the rise of an educated class called the Ilustrado (meaning, well-informed). Spanish became the social language of urban places and the true lingua franca of the archipelago. A good number of Spanish newspapers were published until the end of the 1940s, the most influential of them being El Renacimiento, printed in Manila by members of the Guerrero de Ermita family.Some members of the ilustrado group, while residing or studying in Spain, decided to start a literary production in Spanish with the aim of serving the autonomy and/or independence projects. Members of this group included Pedro Alejandro Paterno, who wrote the novel Ninay (first novel written by a Filipino); the Philippine national hero, Jose Rizal, who wrote excellent poetry and two famous novels in Spanish: Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not), and El Filibusterismo'.MODERN LITERATURE (20TH AND 21ST CENTURY)The greatest portion of Spanish literature was written during the American period, most often as an expression of pro-Hispanic nationalism, by those who had been educated in Spanish or had lived in the Spanish-speaking society of the big cities, and whose principles entered in conflict with the American cultural trends. Such period of Spanish literary production—i. e. , between the independence of Spain in 1898 and well ahead into the decade of the 1940s—is known as â€Å"Edad de Oro del Castellano en Filipinas. † Some prominent writers of this era we re Wenceslao Retana and Claro Mayo Recto, both in drama and essay; Antonio M.Abad and Guillermo Gomez Wyndham, in the narrative; Fernando Maria Guerrero and Manuel Bernabe, both in poetry. The predominant literary style was the so called â€Å"Modernismo,† a mixture of elements from the French Parnassien and Symboliste schools, as promoted by some Latin American and Peninsular Spanish writers (e. g. the Nicaraguan Ruben Dario, the Mexican Amado Nervo, the Spaniard Francisco Villaespesa, and the Peruvian Jose Santos Chocano as major models). Apart from the works in Spanish, the only remarkable and valuable Filipino writer writing in the English language is Nick Joaquin.

Affirmative Action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Affirmative Action - Essay Example The research also focuses on viability of implementing the provisions of the affirmative action law during 2012. The companies and schools must implement all the provisions of the affirmative action law. Affirmative action includes requiring the companies to reserve a certain percentage of its total employment force or total student enrollees to the minorities of society. Affirmative action entails avoiding discrimination in the hiring of employees and acceptance of students enrolling in a school. Some companies interpret affirmative action as a quota system (Lapenson, 2009). Companies must allot a certain percentage of the entire work force to minorities. In the same manner, schools should allocate a certain percentage of the total enrollment to minorities. Initially, affirmative action was crafted into law to eliminate racial discrimination against the African Americans. The companies are penalized for discriminating against the minority job applicants and minority student enrollee s. Further, statistical data shows that affirmative action has changed the landscapes. The prior data indicated that 47.5 percent of the total work force before 1909 were women. During the current period, the female workers increased to 85 percent of the total workforce in the US. ... Discrimination can be done in several aspects. The aspects include race, color, creed, and national origin. President John F. Kennedy envisioned that companies would not hire a job applicant or accept the enrollment of student based on one’s race, color, gender, religion, religion or national origin. The order firmly established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Prior to President Kennedy’s executive order, African Americans had more difficulty in finding jobs when compared to the Caucasian Americans (Spann, 2000). Next, United States President Lyndon Johnson interpreted the affirmative action to include generating more job opportunities and school enrollment rights to the African Americans. President Johnson spearheaded an updated version of the affirmation action provision during 1965. President Johnson insists that the affirmative action law gave everyone of all races, color, religion, gender, and national origin equal rights to land a vacant job or enroll in a school of their choice (Fischer, 2010). Lastly, the affirmative action fluctuated during different time periods (Platt, 1997). Women benefitted from affirmative action. During the 1970s, 53 percent of college and university students were nonwhites. Affirmative action triggered an increase in female graduates in medical school (8 percent increase) and law schools (5 percent increase). Specifically, the 1979 to 1989 research period shows that there was a 31 percent increase in African American men and 55 percent increase in African American women. Further, there is a 39 percent increase in Hispanic men and 45 percent increase in Hispanic women in terms of medical school enrollment statistics (Welch, 1998). The research shows that many white

Promoting Individual Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Promoting Individual Health - Essay Example The plan is based on providing knowledge and awareness of the ethical issues associated with health and especially the inherent. In the given plan, a specific scenario of Erick is looked at. Erick is suffering from Autism Spectrum. The plan thus analyses the causes of his behaviour and seeks to link it to the causes of the health promotion as well as providing teaching lessons to his parents on the importance of health promotion, how to adapt to the current situation of their son and finally, Erick’s learning because of disability. In addition, the plan analyses the position of the parents of Erick and especially the case of Molly. The plan is very important since it equips an individual with psychosocial behaviour that affects the wellness of an individual in terms of behaviour, cognitive abilities, environmentally among many more (Rappaport & Seidman 2000, p. 171). A scenario of Erick is chosen to be used as a point of reference. Erick is a son of Molly and James. His mother, Molly, suffers from diabetes and his father, James, works as a driver, driving long distance vehicles and thus he is rarely at home. Eric has a learning disorder, though mild. He also suffers a little in the autistic spectrum. He often gets frustrated and as a result, throws anger tantrums at the fellow students and teachers, especially when he goes to school whereby he attends a mainstream school. Autistic spectrum refers to the conditions that an individual suffers from that majorly affects the communication by an individual, their interests, social interaction and also affects the behaviour of an individual (Pandora 2006, p. 96). In addition, the autism spectrum also includes childhood autism and Asperger syndrome. The condition may not show its symptoms immediately, but after some time. The condition of Eric has been contributed by several psychosocial

American Dream Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American Dream - Research Paper Example In Europe, this concept of freedom in pursuing one’s dreams could not be fruitful because of the class divisions. America being a classless society can adopt this concept of American Dream with much freedom. But, to achieve something according to one’s abilities and to gain respect irrespective of his status in society, one has to get rid of his selfish desires and should not indulge in â€Å"physical comfort and cheap amusement† (Schnell, 2010, p.3). Achieving American Dream To achieve a successful life is the fundamental concept of American Dream. Generally, the idea of American Dream is to get high income through a secured job and financial security. Financial success is just one part of American Dream. People also tend to achieve social status by getting membership in social clubs or by achieving the peak of one’s chosen career. Success also means attaining a position in the society where one can have the right to speak his mind, do whatever he wants to do and create a world which will be worth living for everyone. The way of achieving success can also lead to conflict in American families where children can forego the wealth and social status of their parents for the want of accomplishing more meaningful goals in life. The goal of American Dream is not to achieve millions of dollars, but for general people the focus is on attaining enough wealth to lead a decent life with dignity and self respect (Hochschild, 1996, pp.15-16). The concept of s uccess can also be relative in nature. A person may want to lead a better life compared to his own childhood days or his neighbors, a character from a book or movie or to another gender or race. There is also a competitive nature of success wherein a person can become successful only when another person faces failure like in competitive events like beauty pageants. Most Americans feel that the future generation of their nationality can live a better standard of living and can achieve success in attaining their goals in life. In America there are many opportunities for everyone who is ready to work hard to achieve success. One definition of success can be wealth. Although money cannot buy happiness, it can nevertheless buy the things necessary to live a comfortable life (Hochschild, 1996, pp.16-19). Obstacles in achieving American Dreams Many Americans believe that it is difficult to achieve the goals that they set in their own lives. This is because they say that there is no securit y in their financial status and also there is lack of proper infrastructure for public education. They feel that the government who claims to help the people of the nation is actually a hindrance in the path of their achieving dreams. The African-Americans believe that the existing racial discrimination can make it difficult for them to pursue their dreams. Almost 72% of Americans believe that the government must strive to help the people in achieving their dreams of a comfortable and respectful life (Longley, 2004). In America there are various public policy tools which aim at giving the children of poor parents a chance to earn high income. Such policy tools along with the nation’s economic system are not achieving the desired results. The laws to deal with racial discrimination also do not prove to be fruitful in most cases. There are several social and economic obstacles in achieving American Dreams. The children of poor families attend inferior schools and get poor educa tion. The children from rich families inherit more wealth and this gives them an added advantage. It is important for the future genera

Literary theory (Althusser) Answering discussion questions Assignment

Literary theory (Althusser) Answering discussion questions - Assignment Example Indeed, in Reading Capital, he points out that the retrospection of the past is not ideology, but serves, in his words, â€Å"the legitimate epistemological primacy of the present over the past.† This served as one of the sources of his criticism of the French communist party, as a criticism of ideology on epistemological grounds will always sit uncomfortably with those emotionally invested in a given ideology. His criticism in the same work of â€Å"subjective and arbitrary ideologies† on Marxist grounds suggests that discourse within ideology was not his aim. Similarly, there is the question of â€Å"complete† ideology. In Althusserian criticism, no ideology is ever complete, and any attempt by an ideology to fully control or dominate a text will only end up exposing the limitations of that ideology. One classic example is Frank Capra’s classic â€Å"message† film It’s A Wonderful Life, in which George Bailey triumphs over the machinations of the evil Mr. Potter, except insofar as he doesn’t. The film ends with Potter still fully in control of Bedford Falls, having suffered not so much as a moment’s inconvenience while George was wrestling with suicide.